Her family fled Nazism to Mexico, when she was three months old.

Dr. Hempel fled Nazism, moving to Belgium and, in 1938, to the United States.

The Kallirs and their two children fled Nazism in 1938, settled in Manhattan in 1939, and founded the gallery at 46 West 57th Street.

During the two decades before her retirement in 1951 at 63 - and particularly after she fled Nazism to America - Lehmann turned increasingly to the recital stage.

This core audience was supplemented in the 1930's by refugees fleeing Nazism, and then by survivors who came to the United States after the war.

He would later flee Marseille and work with Varian Fry to help other artists or intellectuals fleeing Nazism.

Cohn-Bendit was born in Montauban, France, to German-Jewish parents who had fled Nazism in 1933.

Both fled Nazism for England - she from Austria in 1938, he from Germany a year later.

Others, like Dr. Manfred Brust, a German Jew who fled Nazism, pursue other careers but find themselves drawn to volunteer work with refugees.

Before he fled Nazism in 1935, Mr. Benedict crated his Russian art and hid these holdings in a cellar.