Laywoman Caroline Chisolm did ecumenical work to alleviate the suffering of female migrants.

On the negative side, however, female circular migrants are often of low status in urban areas, and upon return sometimes experiences decreases in household decision making.

In recent years, the number of female circular migrants has increased rapidly.

Legal clinics have begun to assist female migrants in filing claims against employers and local labor bureaus.

This creates a demand for cheap, migrant labor in areas related to household and care work in Greece that is largely filled by female migrants.

The situation is clearly more critical in the case of female migrants.

Amongst migrant populations, female migrants are victims of a double discrimination, on grounds of both gender and ethnic origin.

We would urge the Commission and Council to improve the situation for female migrants who profess the Muslim religion.

Rees argues that the increase in number of female migrants to the United States is not longer a male strategy to reduce household expenses.

In 1998, the United Nations Population Division first released a set of estimates from 1965 to 1990 that separated male and female migrants.