The underlying assumption is that the male and the female of each species compete for power, much as they do in modern-day human society.

Both males and females compete in many sports.

Plus she's assembling her own sense of how females should compete, since she has so few role models in her sport.

The females compete for somewhere to put their eggs.

This effectively limits reproduction rates, since females must compete for the available males.

In this species, males are a scarce resource that females must sometimes compete for.

Unusually, the female of the species competes for the male, even grappling against other individuals in order to secure a mate.

Because the male contributes a higher level of parental investment, females must compete for opportunities to leave their eggs with the limited available males.

Among African wild dogs, females compete for access to males that will help rear their offspring.

Here, the male or female from each team compete in a match similar to sumo wrestling.