In Fourier analysis theory, such an impulse comprises equal portions of all possible excitation frequencies, which makes it a convenient test probe.

In the simplest experiment the total emission is monitored as a function of excitation frequency, giving an excitation spectrum.

The excitation frequency of the computer could be varied.

A plot of amplitude vs. excitation frequency will have a peak centered at the resonance frequency.

In response theory, the quality of an excited system is related to the number of excitation frequencies to which it can respond.

If the impedance is calculated for a range of excitation frequencies the result is an impedance curve.

The latter are maps of cantilever amplitudes on a fixed excitation frequency near the resonance.

Parametric resonance takes place when the external excitation frequency equals to twice the natural frequency of the system.

Techniques to avoid flutter include changes to the structure's aerodynamics, stiffening the structure to change the excitation frequency and increasing the damping within the structure.

When the excitation frequency matches this resonance the ringing is more pronounced, steps may be missed, and stalling is more likely.