In early 2005, ethnic quotas were formed for determining positions in Burundi's government.
Could the schools interview parents, mix catchment areas, admit specialisms or enforce ethnic quotas?
In some cases, racial or ethnic quotas are also used.
They initiated measures aimed at correcting the over representation by establishing ethnic quotas for University entrants.
An additional 18 members were co-opted to meet the required ethnic and gender quotas.
Post-Taliban Afghanistan's political system has also been described as consociational, although it lacks ethnic quotas.
The Manchus' continued dominance was ensured by an ethnic quota for top bureaucratic appointments.
And although the Lebanese government was now reformed, it is still based on religious and ethnic quotas.
Many of its members were chosen because they filled ethnic or gender quotas that made the Bonn agreement acceptable to the country's factions.
Extra seats in both chambers can be added to ensure that ethnic and gender quotas are met.