epicotyl

In most plants the epicotyl will eventually develop into the leaves of the plant.

In plant physiology, the epicotyl is the embryonic shoot above the cotyledons.

Lengthening of the epicotyl is thought to be controlled by the phytochrome photoreceptors.

The embryonic stem above the point of attachment of the cotyledon(s) is the epicotyl.

Dicot seedlings grown in the light develop short hypocotyls and open cotyledons exposing the epicotyl.

Another way of germination is hypogeous (or hypogeal), where the epicotyl elongates and forms the hook.

In sunflower seedlings, the difference between epicotyl and hypocotyl can be seen from the parts of the stem divided by the first pair of leaves.

During germination, the seedling becomes infected through the epicotyl and cotyledons may develop blackened margins, shrivel, and drop.

In dicots, the hypocotyl is what appears to be the base stem under the spent withered cotyledons, and the shoot just above that is the epicotyl.

In contrast, seedlings grown in the dark develop long hypocotyls and their cotyledons remain closed around the epicotyl in an apical hook.

From a reproductive point of view, a seed has the "baby" plant inside, with two basic parts: the embryo root (hypocotyl) and the embryo leaves (epicotyl).

In monocot plants, the first shoot that emerges from the ground or from the seed is the epicotyl, from which the first shoots and leaves emerge.

Stizolobic acid is an amino acid found in the sap epicotyl tips of etiolated seedlings of Stizolobium hassjoo.

Epicotyl grafting, approach grafting and patch budding have proved successful, epicotyl grafting being the most widely adopted standard.

The plumule is an embryo shoot with a hypocotyl stem structure below the point where the plumule was attached and an epicotyl stem structure above this attachment point.

Stem tubers generally start off as enlargements of the hypocotyl section of a seedling but also sometimes include the first node or two of the epicotyl and the upper section of the root.

The embryo is composed of different parts; the epicotyl will grow into the shoot, the radicle grows into the primary root, the hypocotyl connects the epicotyle and the radicle, the cotyledons form the seed leaves.

It also regulates other responses including the germination of seeds, elongation of seedlings, the size, shape and number of leaves, the synthesis of chlorophyll, and the straightening of the epicotyl or hypocotyl hook of dicot seedlings.