He called for tough measures against drug dealers and gangs and for "dismantling a welfare system that encourages dependency and subsidizes broken families."

He believes that western aid has been largely unhelpful for African development, since it encourages dependency, sustains wars and fuels corrupt states.

The welfare system stifled initiative and encouraged dependency.

The loss of canal and the direct rail link encouraged dependency on road transport.

That simply encourages dependency.

Too much Western aid is like a drug, he said, and encourages dependency.

Some experts on economic development say feeding programs encourage dependency and distort market forces.

Workfare is an honorable way out of a system that often encourages endless dependency.

It also described the "cruel mismatch" of education and jobs and recommended changes in a welfare system that "encourages dependency."

That leaves us with clients who have suffered years of abuse from a system that encourages dependency and discourages families to stay intact.