The Richter scale was published in 1935 and immediately became the standard measure of earthquake intensity.

The Rossi-Forel scale was one of the first seismic scales to reflect earthquake intensities.

Also Mercalli scale, used to measure earthquake intensity from one to 12 (catastrophic).

The Richter scale measures earthquake intensity on a base-10 logarithmic scale.

The first simple classification of earthquake intensity was devised by Domenico Pignataro in the 1780s.

Magnitude scales differ from earthquake intensity, which is the perceptible shaking, and local damage experienced during a quake.

However, the earthquake intensities and occurrences continued to rise.

The central city experienced peak ground acceleration (i.e. earthquake intensity) of between 15% and 20% of gravity.

According to Caijing, "earthquake intensity exceeding the designed resistance does not mean that buildings built to quality specifications will definitely collapse.

In the 1870s he developed a "seismic scale" to reflect varying levels of earthquake intensity.