They used earth lodges as dwellings during the winter.

At times these earth lodges either collapsed or were destroyed, and a platform mound constructed over them.

It was a sophisticated agricultural society, with clans and large earth lodges run by women.

Circular earth lodges were built to serve as places to conduct meetings and important ceremonies.

Remains of one of the earth lodges were carbon dated to 1050 CE.

The Mandans had a farming-based culture and lived in earth lodges.

The village consists of six family-sized earth lodges and one large ceremonial lodge.

It contained earth lodges and was surrounded by several cemeteries, probably created during disease outbreaks after European contact.

However, these earth lodges were circular in cross-section, and built upon heavy timber frameworks.

They lived primarily in earth lodges during the sedentary seasons.