Unfortunately, even that creates enough background noise to mask any new disturbance.

In some cases, the disturbances create enough unbalance to cause the forest to die off completely.

The same thing happens when natural disturbances like storms create open spots in the forest, she said, but the incursion does not last.

Electrical disturbances also create noise such as corona discharge.

Since the branchial arches are important developmental features in a growing embryo, disturbances in their development create lasting and widespread effects.

Transverse waves occur when a disturbance creates oscillations perpendicular (at right angles) to the propagation (the direction of energy transfer).

Rivera Lugo has suggested that past disturbance may have created new artificial vegetative cover types that are difficult to classify as natural forest communities.

These disturbances create places of renewal where new directions emerge out of the patchwork of natural experimentation and opportunity.

"The initial disturbance, even if short-lived, created enough hybrids to have an impact," she said.

These electrical disturbances create electromagnetic waves which spread through the atmosphere for hundreds of kilometres.