The distance calculations described above were carried out using only those sequences that extend across at least 95% of the alignment.

The Jukes-Cantor method was used to correct the distance calculation for possible multiple substitutions at a single site.

It can be calculated easily in constant time per distance calculation.

The delay varies depending on where you are on Earth, which means it's difficult to accurately factor this into the distance calculations.

As the distance calculation is simple, only little computational power is used.

The final candidates are determined in a second stage using the uncompressed data from the disk for distance calculation.

Simple genetic distance calculations will thus undercount the number of mutation events that have occurred in evolutionary history.

For example, genes with high expression levels, which might be unreliable or biased due to saturation, will have lower weights in distance calculation.

Each router traversal counts as one hop in the distance calculation for the transmission path.

A better method would never repeat the same distance calculation.