There are various estimates on the number of human casualties which range up to several hundred thousand dead, from either direct combat or starvation and disease inflicted by the conflict.

The ancient Greeks, whose name for the disease we still use, recognized its profound character and called it the disease inflicted by the gods.

After that there came others, suffering from disease and wounds inflicted by men and beasts.

Poverty, therefore, is a disease inflicted upon innocent populations by evil dictators, greedy and corrupt politicians.

The term amphistomiasis is used for broader connotation implying the disease inflicted by members of Echinostomida including the family Paramphistomidae/Gastrodiscidae (to be precise, the species Gastrodiscoides hominis); whereas paramphistomiasis is restricted to that of the members of the family Paramphistomatidae only.