Of greater long-term demographic impact is emigration: Ireland was chiefly depopulated after the 1840s famines by waves of emigration.

The demographic impacts of famine are sharp.

While the demographic impact of famines are immediately visible in mortality, longer-term declines of fertility and natality can also dramatically affect population.

This migration had a significant demographic and social impact as the Christian population of Malabar increased 15-fold from 31,191 in 1931 to 4,42,510 in 1971.

It remains to be seen how much demographic impact this may have.

Brazilian demographers have long discussed the demographic impact of the wave of emigration in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

The demographic impact of the immigrants on city life is magnified by their relatively high birth rates, city planners said.

In reality, while their number in Israel of about 45,000 is important, it is too small to have a great demographic impact on a country of 5 million.

Legal abortion may have its greatest demographic impact in reducing pre-maritally conceived births and 'forced' marriages.

The precise demographic impact of the disease in the Middle East is very difficult to calculate.