"The defendant personally engaged in a money laundering scheme to hide the source of his campaign contributions," she said.

H.R. 10 would impose an even higher standard of proof: that the defendant knowingly engaged in securities fraud.

Put differently, liability exists if the defendant engages in "personal conduct that encourages or assists the infringement."

The jury found that those four defendants had engaged in fraudulent and negligent behavior.

It is similarly established where the defendant engages in sexual penetration with another and this occurs 'under circumstances involving the commission of any other felony.'

Over the next several years, the plaintiffs and defendants engaged in intensive discovery and pre-trial litigation.

"The defendant, when left to his own devices, engaged in a pattern of violent, antisocial behavior against at least five defenseless, helpless people," the judge said.

"The defendants engaged in a Ponzi scheme."

The lawsuit alleged that the defendants were engaging in unlawful restraints and monopolies in trade.

He said the defendants had engaged "in a massive fraud of American and foreign consumers" and had "betrayed a sacred trust."