This can be used as an alternative explanation of the observed apparent acceleration of the cosmic expansion.

Sorry, I just don't buy the current theory of cosmic expansion.

The idea assumes that energy in empty space might serve as a brake on cosmic expansion.

In 1998, the team discovered that cosmic expansion was accelerating, which was the opposite of the current theory.

His current research focuses on the dark energy problem and cosmic expansion.

The influence of an energy force of unknown nature could have speeded up cosmic expansion by now.

On large scales, gravity competes with cosmic expansion, and structures grow according to linear theory.

The gravitational pull of these galaxies is so large that it opposes the cosmic expansion.

The combined gravitational pull from all matter in the universe, most of which is beyond detection, has acted as a brake on cosmic expansion.

In 1998, the team reach the conclusion that the cosmic expansion was accelerating, contrary to expectations.