This constitutive equation for another arbitrary observer can be written .

In modern condensed matter physics, the constitutive equation plays a major role.

These constitutive equations are often used in crystallography - a field of solid state physics.

Once the stress field is found, the strains are then found using the constitutive equations.

A constitutive equation that respects the above condition is said to be isotropic.

This effect can be described through the constitutive equations.

In physics, a constitutive equation is a relation between two physical quantities.

Instead, one assumed that the stresses are related to strain of the material by known constitutive equations.

Solving for either one will yield the other through the constitutive equations.

The internal contact forces are related to the body's deformation through constitutive equations.