Because the subdivision is formed by triangles, a greedy algorithm can find an independent set that contains a constant fraction of the vertices.

Subsample size is some constant fraction f of the size of the training set.

That is, security can always be achieved as long as Bob cannot store any constant fraction of the transmitted signals.

The vernier scale is constructed so that it is spaced at a constant fraction of the fixed main scale.

Galton wrote that, "the average regression of the offspring is a constant fraction of their respective mid-parental deviations".

The individual gets to keep only a constant fraction of each pound of pre-tax income above OA.

The slope is less than 45 degrees because for each extra pound earned the individual is only allowed to keep a constant fraction of it.

Note from this description that a discriminator without that constant fraction would just be a comparator.

At each step a new epoch of vertices arrives whose size is a constant fraction of the current graph.

So only a constant fraction of the elements will be covered in expectation.