All electrical conductivity measurements were taken after any transient changes in the pore structure had occurred.

They then developed instrumentation for conductivity measurement of ultrapure water in 1996, and the first accurate commercial fiber-optic based CO2 measurement system, in 1998.

However, the ground conductivity measurements showed an anomaly in the electromagnetic signature that it was thought might be caused by metal artifacts buried with the head.

Blowdown can be controlled manually or via timers and conductivity measurements.

The carbon bonding in aerographite has an sp character, as confirmed by electron energy loss spectroscopy and electrical conductivity measurements.

Alternatively, the brine conductivity and the cementation exponent can also be inferred from downhole electrical conductivity measurements across brine-saturated intervals.

Variations of electrical conductivity measurement of solutions include cation and anion conductivity.

Notwithstanding the difficulty of theoretical interpretation, conductivity measurements are used extensively in many industries.

Sometimes, conductivity measurements are linked with other methods to increase the sensitivity of detection of specific types of ions.

The value of 'α' is determined by conductivity measurements by applying the formula Λ/Λ .