In many cases, genes can be grouped by their expression patterns using hierarchical clustering, and these groups often comprise genes that are functionally related.

A run cannot comprise genes from different strands; hence a change of coding strand implies the termination of the run.

Biological significance of the gene-expression results Trophozoite genes The predominant group of features with elevated expression in the trophozoite stage comprised genes encoding various components of the eukaryotic translation machinery.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms, known as SNP's (pronounced snips), are essentially small variations in the sequence of DNA that comprises genes.

It is caused by a deletion in Xq22.3, comprising several genes including AMME chromosomal region gene 1 (AMMECR1), which encodes a protein with a nuclear location and presently unknown function.

While such sales figures are small for a new high-tech company, British Bio-technology is betting that as genetic engineering grows the need for off-the-shelf basic supplies, such as specific strands of DNA that comprise genes, will grow into a significant enterprise.