In West Virginia, mine owners used yellow-dog contracts and company-owned housing to control the miners.

Adding further to the destabilizing misery was the company-owned housing, ramshackle dwellings housing six families and renting for $12 a month.

The report details cases of companies that have assisted their black, Indian and mixed-race employees to move into whites-only areas, often in company-owned housing acquired for the purpose.

They have been in Nashville two months and have decided that they will eventually move out of the company-owned housing and get their own apartment.

He provided company-owned housing nearby, along with company stores; he sponsored a Sunday School where college students taught the children reading and writing.

The people who lived in company-owned housing were given first chance to purchase those homes and many did.

The mill owners had raised rents in company-owned housing as well as prices at the company-owned store.

The mill employed about 30,000 people and there was a company town, complete with company-owned housing, stores and schools.

During this period, Hillman Coal systematically began to evict miner families from company-owned housing.

Ms. Nunan attributed the high number of transferring workers seeking rentals to the decline in company-owned housing.