In Mamelodi, he not only acted as minister, but also as a community organizer and civic planner.

He settled in Oakland, and as a dedicated physician, architect, ship builder, and civic planner his influence was etched on the history of the city.

Not for him the niceties of the sociologist or the civic planner.

In the 1950's, with rising automobile use a major problem for civic planners, Mr. Voorhees developed a mathematical model that could predict the ebb and flow of highway traffic.

It is a risk, however small, that no practical civic planner would take.

Engineers, architects and civic planners who created the structure have succeeded where so many others elsewhere have only dreamed.

More recent civic planners, meanwhile, have turned Ingolfstorg into the stomping grounds for the city's skateboard aficionados.

A leading Houston architect and civic planner, Daniel B. Barnum, posed the question recently on the op-ed page of The Houston Chronicle.

The other major complaint against Oregon is that civic planners, by drastically restricting urban sprawl, would cause home prices to shoot up.

Around the same time, civic planners also experimented disastrously with federal housing projects to concentrate the urban poor in high-rise towers.