The company has stopped selling its arthritis drug Vioxx because of cardiac risks.

Some studies have suggested that higher levels predict lower cardiac risk.

The company's critics warned for years that Vioxx posed cardiac risks.

"If a patient's cardiac risk is low, I would say take the lowest possible dose for the shortest possible time."

If antidepressants reduce cardiac risk, how they do so remains unclear.

Instead, they settled for recording the short-term effects of hormones on known cardiac risks.

Depression leads to cardiac risk Depressed people are more likely to have other risk factors that can contribute to heart disease.

Starting in childhood, girls as well as boys should be evaluated periodically by their physicians for cardiac risk.

Tamoxifen, for example, does reduce cardiac risk, but not to the extent that estrogen does.

Pfizer has said that Celebrex had not been found to pose cardiac risks.