For example, the carbon nucleus is slightly lighter than three helium nuclei, which can combine to make a carbon nucleus.

An example that illustrates nuclear binding energy is carbon nucleus of C, which contains 6 protons and 6 neutrons.

The single bonds are formed with electrons in line between the carbon nuclei - these are called σ-bonds.

As a side effect of the process, some carbon nuclei can fuse with additional helium to produce a stable isotope of oxygen and release energy:

One of his most significant discoveries was to show that protons could be captured by a carbon nucleus, releasing gamma rays.

It ends up with hydrogen becoming helium, but in the intermediate steps, carbon nuclei take part.

Based on this notion, he made a prediction of the energy levels in the carbon nucleus that was later borne out by experiment.

Four of the beads are carbon nuclei - or actually isotopes called carbon 13.

This causes the first carbon nucleus, C1, to point down while the other four qubits remain up.

Other more neutron-rich isotopes can be formed by the irradiation of platinum with carbon nuclei.