The top two teams are calculated using a league table.

This level is calculated using multiple measures, financial and otherwise.

Interest rates in some banks are calculated using a 365-day calendar.

The number of votes needed to win in the first round is calculated using the local electoral list.

Since we do not have population-at-risk data, the expected must be calculated using only the cases.

True bank angle is calculated using the aircraft's speed and rate of turn.

(m-1)/2 points at the start and end of the series cannot be calculated using this process.

I will call this result of calculating using the formulas "the change in energy".

Part of the reason for their popularity is that they are straightforward to calculate using a computer.

The change is calculated using the 1983 election results.