THE truth is that Dugatkin has some solid results that may be important to behavioral ecologists and evolutionary theorists.

Human behavioral ecologists attempt to control for culture, genetic variation, human cognition, and human phylogeny.

It is not that human behavioral ecologists think that these concepts are irrelevant.

Theoretical models that human behavioral ecologists employ include, but are not limited to:

A simple and inexpensive chemical test for behavioral ecologists to determine the presence of carotenoid pigments in animal tissues.

One difference is that human behavioral ecologists often assume that culture is a system that produces the most adaptive outcome in a given environment.

"Animal behaviorists or behavioral ecologists are mostly interested in what the animal is presenting them with in terms of behavior," he told me recently.

The third, population biologists and behavioral ecologists created experiments that demand animals to depend on social learning in certain manipulated environments.

John Alcock (born 1942) is an American behavioral ecologist and author.

Marlene Zuk (born 20 May 1956) is an American evolutionary biologist and behavioral ecologist.