Personal bankruptcies rose, the value of club memberships fell and many courses were immediately in a financial hole.
In areas where there are few homeowners, bankruptcies have risen sharply; in some places they have doubled.
In the Southern District, which covers New York City, bankruptcies rose by 24.8 percent.
She suspects that bankruptcies might rise in the telecom, paper and real estate development industries.
Indeed, bankruptcies in New York City rose sharply in 1991, claiming 2,423 victims, a 78 percent increase over the previous year.
The unemployment rate increased to 4.9 percent, as bankruptcies rose and companies trimmed jobs in the aftermath of an economic downturn last fall and winter.
Consumer spending is erratic at best, and bankruptcies are rising to record levels.
During recession, unemployment is high, bankruptcies rise, financial assets fail, so the only factor to fuel revival is credit.
Corporate bankruptcies rose 1.9 percent last year, the second-worst annual total on record.
Mortgage foreclosure rates, personal bankruptcies and credit card delinquencies have been rising steadily and are at record levels.