They divide themselves into three social groups: females and their new offspring, bachelor males, and mature males with territories.

A males with territory sometimes allows a bachelor male into his territory to guard the region and not to copulate.

Those traveling with family members had a higher survival rate than bachelor males, possibly because family members more readily shared food with each other.

A. They sing, for one thing, because the bachelor male wants to attract a wife.

If this is true we might expect paired males to be more vigilant than bachelor males.

These bachelor males may not be more deprived of sexual outlets than are the harem owners themselves.

If a bachelor male should be passing through a territorial male's region, the male will chase the offender out of his territory.

They were shown to the bachelor males' barracks.

In these systems, territorial males have access to better resources than bachelor males.

They banded in families, called harems, of mares, foals and bachelor males overseen by a dominant male.