He then attained a master's degree at the University of Cincinnati in 1936.

In 1885 he attained the title of associate professor at the University.

Subsequently he attained his master's degree at the University of Siena.

In 1872 he attained a similar position at the University of Strassburg.

He attained a PhD at the University of Minnesota, 1916.

In 1903 he attained the chair of embryology at the University of Siena.

All three degrees were attained at the University of Chicago.

He attained a politics degree at the University of Lincoln after six years as a part-time student in 2004.

In 1910 he attained the chair of surgery at the University of Heidelberg.

In 2005 he attained his habilitation qualification at the University of Vienna.