The term applies to private contract law, international treaties, and constitutionals in federations such as the United States and Canada.

Since the Vienna Convention applies to treaties between States, its definition limits third parties to States.

As noted earlier, the Vienna Convention applies only to treaties concluded between States.

In both the third party context and State succession different principles apply to treaties and customary international law.

In 1902, he sponsored several legislation which applied the principle of arbitration to commercial treaties.

The term is also applied to treaties imposed during the same time period on late Joseon Dynasty Korea by the post-Meiji Restoration Empire of Japan.

However, Article 4 of that Convention says that the Convention does not apply to treaties in force before 1980, nor is the US a party to that treaty.

The condition cites "constitutional principles" as the basis for asserting this view, and supporters of the condition contend this language would thus apply to other treaties.

Mr. Days and Ms. Goldman disagreed about whether the law applied to treaties and to international agreements negotiated by the President.

It does apply, however, to treaties between states within an intergovernmental organization.