To apply hydraulic cement, scrub all loose material from the hole or crack with a wire brush.

To fill a crack through which water is flowing, apply cement (also at the warm stage) by using a trowel or putty knife.

If water is not flowing in a hole or crack being repaired, dampen the area thoroughly with a sponge immediately before applying cement.

Nicholas Czaplewski applied gray cement about the consistency of peanut butter to a break in the 150-million-year-old sauropod neck bone.

Before applying hydraulic cement, use a wire brush to scrub away loose material around the hole or crack.

To close a leaking crack, apply warm cement along it with a trowel or putty knife, and press repeatedly with the tool until the cement hardens.

Next, wipe the surface clean to which the laminate will be bonded, and apply cement by the same method.

To repair a cracked shingle gently raise it and apply cement under the crack.

If a group of tiles is to be cemented in place, apply adhesive or cement to each tile, as described.

To seal a crack, apply cement, also at the warm stage, by using a trowel or putty knife.