Until recently, Pliohippus was believed to be the ancestor of present-day horses because of its many anatomical similarities.

While the genus Taracus (Sabaconidae) has anatomical similarities, it is not closely related.

He also erected the family Paxillaceae, noting its affinities with boletes, in 1902, based on anatomical similarities.

Studies of anatomical and molecular similarities suggest these two groups are close evolutionary relatives.

Along with anatomical similarities, Stratiotosuchus and other baurusuchids are thought to have had lifestyles very similar to those of theropod dinosaurs.

However, anatomical comparisons can be misleading, as not all anatomical similarities indicate a close relationship.

But the dromaeosaur line began even earlier, and its anatomical similarities to Archaeopteryx suggest a common evolutionary ancestry for the two.

But Dr. Norell said the "anatomical similarities between dinosaurs and birds are overwhelming."

Adapiforms are extinct strepsirrhines that shared many anatomical similarities with lemuriforms.

Until recently phylogenetic reconstruction has been through anatomical (particularly embryological) similarities.