It is not so clear, however, that airlines benefit from having all their fares in one place.
Certainly the airlines could benefit by creating family sections.
The analysts did say that a new airline would benefit from a surplus of aircraft available for leasing on generous terms.
These airlines are benefiting from their Pacific routes, where traffic is surging.
For their part, the airlines mainly benefit from these alliances by being able to sell tickets to customers headed to places they do not fly.
Aside from incremental gains in market share, other airlines might most benefit from United's woes by buying some of its international routes.
The airlines, however, have benefited from strong demand throughout the year, and bookings for September and beyond are stronger than usual.
Both the airlines and the businesses that offer miles also benefit by sharing computerized lists of their best customers, to help in future promotions.
Consequently, such airports and airlines cannot benefit from the exemption.
European airlines could benefit from a clarification of airport taxes.