Hexafluorophosphoric acid can be prepared by direct reaction of hydrogen fluoride with phosphorus pentafluoride.

Aldonic acids are typically prepared by oxidation of the sugar with bromine.

Alpha-carbonic acid was prepared by the same technique using methanol rather than water as a solvent.

The resulting adipic acid however is more cheaply prepared by other routes.

The 12-hydroxystearic acid is prepared by the hydrogenation of castor oil.

The free acid may be prepared by the action of a strong acid on these hypophosphite salts.

Hydrochloric acid is prepared by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water.

Phenylpropanoic acid can be prepared from cinnamic acid by hydrogenation.

The nucleic acid to be separated can be prepared in several ways before separation by electrophoresis.

The acid can also be prepared by reaction of silver squarate and trimethylsilyl chloride.