The report was prepared by the Justice Policy Institute, a Washington-based research and advocacy group that supports alternatives to incarceration.

The three-day meeting is sponsored by Shanghai's Fudan University and the Cato Institute, a Washington-based research and study group.

Michael Usdan, the president of the Institute for Educational Leadership, a Washington-based research organization, says future superintendents will probably need to learn more about business-style management techniques and politics.

"We are seeing a greening of geopolitics," said Rafe Pomerance of the World Resources Institute, a Washington-based research and policy group.

The World Research Institute, a Washington-based research and policy group, has had a team of scientists investigating the potential effect of multiple air pollutants on trees and field crops.

The admission was prompted by a report issued by the environmental group Greenpeace and the Institute for Policy Studies, a Washington-based research group.

"It's an antidote to sprawl," said William Hudnut, a senior fellow at the Urban Land Institute, a Washington-based research and education group.

"We won't tolerate any more inaction," said Sonja Fordham, fisheries program specialist for the Center for Marine Conservation, a Washington-based research and advocacy group.

The institute, a Washington-based research and policy organization, cited data indicating that more than half of all cities in the country would exhaust their landfill capacity by 1990.

The Congressional Management Foundation (CMF), a Washington-based research and management consulting firm, conducts surveys on congressional salaries.