Charles Maitland (1668-1748) was a Scottish surgeon who inoculated people against smallpox.

John Lizars (c. 1787 - 1860) was a Scottish surgeon and anatomist.

The family is named for the Scottish naval surgeon, Edward George Irving.

Robert Knox (1791-1862) was a Scottish surgeon, anatomist and zoologist.

Benjamin Bell is considered by many to have been the first Scottish scientific surgeon.

Lind, a Scottish naval surgeon, decided to confront this uncertainty by treating his patients within a clinical trial comparing six of the proposed remedies.

Thompson's first name came from a purported ancestor on his mother's side, the Scottish surgeon John Hunter.

Andrew Fyfe (1792-1861) was a Scottish surgeon and chemist.

John Gordon Smith (1792-1833) was a Scottish surgeon and early professor of medical jurisprudence.

Benjamin Bell after being born in Dumfries went on to become considered the first Scottish scientific surgeon.