In April 2012, the SEC filed administrative actions upon Smart.

On June 22, 2009, the SEC filed civil fraud charges against Chais.

Four years later, while in jail, Black represented himself in an appeal of a civil suit the SEC had filed against him and won.

In a reversal of its longstanding position, the SEC filed an amicus supporting arbitration.

The SEC also filed charges against them and four vice-presidents for civil fraud.

The SEC also filed civil charges against the three, for filing false annual and quarterly financial reports and proxy statements from 1991 to 2005.

Case Number: 2:2011cv01170 in the same court that the SEC had filed its action, moments earlier on the same day.

The SEC filed a similar civil suit mirroring these claims.

In 2007 the SEC filed a civil injunctive action for fraud against outside auditors for the city and its pension system.

The SEC often files civil charges before criminal charges are filed.