Private commercial banks and Russian subsidiaries of international banks were the main players in this underdeveloped market.

Eastman Kodak, which opened a Russian subsidiary in 1993, agreed to back Kinomir.

The Russian subsidiary still appears to be active.

Mr. Sinelnikov, described on the health organization's Web site as an Agriculture Ministry expert, is also chairman of the company's Russian subsidiary.

April 13, 2007 a contract was signed between Noize MC and Respect Productions, and the Russian subsidiary of Universal Music Group.

The Russian subsidiary, Koruss, sold $1.68 million worth of sweatshirts, dresses and polo shirts to Gap in 1998.

The same year, KN established a Russian subsidiary; and pushed ahead into Norway, Sweden, and Denmark.

As it turned out, substantial sums of money had been paid by Russian subsidiaries of Quinn's real estate business to his children and other family members in 2011/12.

"Time is running out for Russia," said Christopher Granville, a strategist for the Russian subsidiary of Robert Fleming, a British brokerage firm.

Rob Wilson, an I.B.M. spokesman, said: "We regret the involvement of our Russian subsidiary in this case.