These agreed reasonably well both with Ptolemaic theory and with observations.

His arguments have something of the character of the Ptolemaic theory of the universe - brilliant, logical, grand, but despite all these things, extremely complex.

This defect of the Ptolemaic theory led to proposed replacements by Ibn al-Shatir in the 14th century and by Copernicus in the 16th century.

Mercator favored the Ptolemaic theory that the earth is the center of the universe and, while relentlessly intellectual, believed the biblical apocalypse was imminent.

By Newton's time, the Ptolemaic theory was decidedly a degenerating one.

He uses Ptolemaic and Copernican theories for his abilities.

For example, the Ptolemaic theory contained numerous ad hoc assumptions; the Copernican theory is simple and parsimonious, and also more accurate.

The turtle in this movie is similar to the turtle of Ptolemaic theory, however of course, it's a quotation from the Urashima legend.

Replace it then by A(t) where A is another sinusoid, similar to the cycles and epicycles of Ptolemaic theory.

The Ptolemaic theory, putting the Earth at the centre of the universe, went unchallenged, except by mystical nonsense, for over a thousand years.