Mesopotamia might have been one, for a time, but unlike Egypt, Mesopotamian cities could not unite enough to control their hinterland.

Overhaul facilities for the railways are an important source of employment opportunities in this Mesopotamian city.

The name "Babylon", meaning "Gate of the Gods" was applied to several Mesopotamian cities.

Sennacherib was murdered by his own sons in revenge for the destruction of the rebellious Mesopotamian city of Babylon.

The ancient Mesopotamian city of Uruk is recreated.

In the colonial hypothesis, places like Hacinebi served as outposts for procuring resources or as transshipment points for materials destined for the Mesopotamian cities.

Shallow harbors located at the estuaries of rivers opening into the sea allowed brisk maritime trade with Mesopotamian cities.

The chief precentor was the highest position in many ancient Mesopotamian cities (see Music of Mesopotamia).

He was the patron god of the Mesopotamian city of Ninab, whose exact location is unknown.

Archaeological surface surveys also allowed for the study of urban form in early Mesopotamian cities.