On this substitution Humphrey Carpenter remarked (Biography p. 185): Tolkien had as yet no clear idea of what the new story was going to be about.

His daughter, Mari Prichard, was married to the late Humphrey Carpenter.

This has been previously reproduced by Humphrey Carpenter, Biography, facing p. 179.

Humphrey Carpenter died on 4 January 2005, aged 58.

The discussion was recorded in the book The Inklings by Humphrey Carpenter.

An answer to this, of a personal kind, has been given by Humphrey Carpenter on pp. 239-41 of his Biography.

His 'invention', like that of hobbits, has been well-chronicled by Humphrey Carpenter (Biography, pp. 64 and 172); the two cases are in several ways similar.

The existence of the poem was known publicly since the Tolkien biography by Humphrey Carpenter, published in 1977.

According to Humphrey Carpenter, Edith was definitely not an intellectual and had a very difficult time functioning around her husband's colleagues and their families.

Their son was the eminent biographer, writer, and radio broadcaster, Humphrey Carpenter.