These DNA vaccines developed from "failed" gene therapy experiments.
DNA vaccines elicit the best immune response when highly active expression vectors are used.
DNA vaccines have been introduced into animal tissues by a number of different methods.
One advantage of DNA vaccines is that they are very easy to produce and store.
These three injections were with a DNA vaccine which was intended to prime the immune system.
Codon optimization has applications in designing synthetic genes and DNA vaccines.
Despite their promise, however, DNA vaccines tested in the past have not stimulated adequate immune responses.
But with a DNA vaccine, the virus protein is made in the cell rather than in the laboratory.
DNA vaccines offer many practical advantages.
Gene guns have also been used to deliver DNA vaccines.