They believed the Communist dogma that revolutionary change is inevitable, and they considered their refugee status only a temporary setback.

Most wondrously, this is happening with the approval, indeed the promotion by example, of the mother church of Communist dogma: the Soviet Union.

Even Romania's Government, whose critics charge that it remains wedded to Communist dogma, now promises to catapult itself toward the free market.

Mr. Skobkin professes no difficult revision of Communist dogma.

A "guide" that cloaks both Christian and Communist dogma in such facile language can, one supposes, at least have a claim to be evenhanded.

But his feel for his own country is clouded by the layers of Communist dogma.

More positively, it has been flexible in economic matters, dumping Communist dogma and allowing more private business and personal mobility.

"Fool's luck," said Polevoi, again relying on the Communist dogma of casting blame elsewhere.

There is no better evidence of his adaptability than his instinct to start retreating from Communist dogma after 30 years of service.

Mr. Gorbachev modified Communist dogma on free markets, foreign investment and the right to own private property.