Le Bourdais described himself as an "admirer of Chinese socialism".

Modern Chinese scholars nowadays often take the view that Kang was an important advocate of Chinese socialism, and despite the controversy Da Tongshu still remains popular.

Whatever changes, he said, the fundamental aim of Chinese socialism is collective prosperity and the absence of large income gaps between the rich and poor.

See Chinese socialism.

"This struggle is linked to the very survival or collapse of the cause of Chinese socialism, indeed to the fate of the Chinese nation and people," the editorial declared.

Such garments, Mr Zhu insists, will recall this golden age of Chinese socialism when people 'worked hard and were always in high spirits'.

Even more, the prevailing ethics of Chinese socialism attach an unsavory ideological stigma to individual desires, impulses that imply a rejection of collective order.

Deng personally attacked Wang for being "wildly presumptuous", and accused him of five "major mistakes", including a belief that Chinese socialism was "feudal or semi-feudal in essence".

For more than three decades after it was founded in 1958, the Baoding No. 1 Paper Mill seemed a model of Chinese socialism.