There have been over 100 reported cases of malignant transformation and the rate is reported as 0.4% to 1%.
However, rare malignant transformation leading to phyllodes tumors has been reported.
There have been documented cases of malignant transformation however this is rare.
Some signs are generally associated with a higher risk of malignant transformation (see: prognosis).
The risk of malignant transformation is similar to normal mucosa.
This new class of genes has recently been shown to play a central role in malignant transformation.
Overexpression of miR-181b may play an important role in malignant transformation.
These activating factors are known to be important for malignant transformation and progression.
There are many causes of primary malignant transformation, or tumorigenesis.
According to published results, these markers, which are highly sensitive and specific, allow to identify cells going through malignant transformation.