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A lower water-cement ratio leads to higher strength and durability, but may make the mix more difficult to place.
In a comprehensive research program, Abrams established the relationship between the water-cement ratio and the compressive strength of concrete.
Test methods for the water-cement ratio and fineness modulus).
Cementcontent and water-cement ratio are important elements hereby.
In lean concretes (with a high water-cement ratio) the crushing strength of the aggregates is not so significant.
Slump can be increased by addition of chemical admixtures such as plasticizer or superplasticizer without changing the water-cement ratio.
Often, the water-cement ratio is characterized as the water to cement plus pozzolan ratio, w/(c+p).
The concept of water-cement ratio was developed by Duff A. Abrams and first published in 1918, see concrete slump test.
But it can equal the drying shrinkage in modern high-strength concretes with very low water-cement ratios, which may self-desiccate to as low as 75% humidity.
The water-cement ratio is the ratio of the weight of water to the weight of cement used in a concrete mix and has an important influence on the quality of concrete produced.
The reduction in cement content and increase in packing density of materials finer than 80 m, like fly ash etc. can reduce the water-cement ratio, and the high-range water reducer (HRWR) demand.
In the morning they had lectures about modern building techniques, about concrete and water-cement ratios, and concrete and stressed steel, things that were not always easy for Willie to understand but which (especially when he didn't understand them) challenged his imagination.
Glanville's first investigation at the Building Research Station (BRS) was to study how the water permeability of concrete varied and, with Duff Abrams, was one of the first to attribute this primarily to the water-cement ratio and not to the type and proportions of aggregate used.