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Nevertheless, shunt placement or ventriculostomy for hydrocephalus (see below) is frequently necessary.
Endoscopic third ventriculostomy is also an option.
In one case study, an endoscopic third ventriculostomy was performed as a first line procedure to treat the hydrocephalus and also for diagnostic purposes.
An 11-year-old girl in one incident developed peduncular hallucinosis, which included disturbed sleep, after an endoscopic third ventriculostomy was performed on her.
For example, a "third ventriculostomy" is a neurosurgical procedure that creates a hole in the floor of the third ventricule and usually has no indwelling objects.
Furthermore, Propionibacterium species have been found in ventriculostomy insertion sites, and areas subcutaneous to suture sites in patients who have undergone craniotomy.
Jones et al. have treated 4 patients with non-communicating hydrocephalus that suffered VP shunt infections with shunt removal and third ventriculostomy.
He described the surgical technique of ventriculocisternostomy (lateral ventricle to cisterna magna,; a predecessor of today's endoscopic third ventriculostomy), which is also called "Torkildsen's operation".
EVD ventriculostomy is done primarily to monitor the intracranial pressure as well as to drain CSF (primarily) or blood to relieve pressure from the CNS.
Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is a surgical procedure in which an opening is created in the floor of the third ventricle using an endoscope placed within the ventricular system through a burr hole.
Hamilton AJ, Orozco J, Narotam P, Bowersock T: Efficacy of Vancomycin/Tri-iododecyclemethyl Ammonium Chloride-coated Ventriculostomy Catheters in Reducing Infection.
An external ventricular drain (EVD), also known as an extraventricular drain or ventriculostomy, is a device used in neurosurgery that relieves raised intracranial pressure and hydrocephalus when the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid around the brain is obstructed.
An alternative treatment for obstructive hydrocephalus in selected patients is the endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV), whereby a surgically created opening in the floor of the third ventricle allows the CSF to flow directly to the basal cisterns, thereby shortcutting any obstruction, as in aqueductal stenosis.