upper motor neuron syndrome

Such signs are collectively termed the "upper motor neuron syndrome."

Drugs can be used to treat issues related to the Upper Motor Neuron Syndrome.

Changes in muscle performance can be broadly described as the Upper Motor Neuron Syndrome.

Various means are available for the treatment of the effects of the Upper Motor Neuron Syndrome.

Improved understanding of the multiple features of the upper motor neuron syndrome supports more rigorous assessment, and improved treatment planning.

The upper motor neuron syndrome also includes weakness in the limbs which usually starts with the muscles at the hip and thigh thus affecting running, walking and jumping.

The upper motor neuron syndrome signs are seen in conditions where motor areas in the brain and/or spinal cord are damaged or fail to develop normally.

As a lesion that results in hemiplegia occurs in the brain or spinal cord, hemiplegic muscles display features of the Upper Motor Neuron Syndrome.

Spasticity is usually the result of upper motor neuron syndrome which is caused by demyelination or inflammation in the motor areas of the brain or the spinal cord.

Upper motor neuron syndrome (UMNS) is the motor control changes that can occur in skeletal muscle after an upper motor neuron lesion.

The confusion in the use of the terminology complicates assessment and treatment planning by health professionals, as many confuse the other findings of upper motor neuron syndrome and describe them as spasticity.

In neuroanatomical circles, it is often joked, for example, that hemisection of the cervical spinal cord leads to an "upper lower motor neuron syndrome and a lower upper motor neuron syndrome."

Damage to the descending motor pathways anywhere along the trajectory from the cerebral cortex to the lower end of the spinal cord gives rise to a set of symptoms called the "upper motor neuron syndrome".

BTX-A is now a common treatment for muscles affected by the upper motor neuron syndrome (UMNS), such as cerebral palsy, for muscles with an impaired ability to effectively lengthen.

The term "spasticity" is often erroneously used interchangeably with Upper Motor Neuron Syndrome, and it is not unusual to see patients labeled as spastic who demonstrate an array of UMN findings.

While multiple muscles in a limb are usually affected in the Upper Motor Neuron Syndrome, there is usually an imbalance of activity, such that there is a stronger pull in one direction, such as into elbow flexion.

Muscles affected by the Upper Motor Neuron Syndrome have many potential features of altered performance including weakness, decreased motor control, clonus (a series of involuntary rapid muscle contractions), exaggerated deep tendon reflexes, spasticity and decreased endurance.

As there are many features of the Upper Motor Neuron Syndrome, there are likely to be multiple other changes in affected musculature and surrounding bones, such as progressive misalignments of bone structure around the spastic muscles (leading for example to the scissor gait in spastic diplegia.