Those changes, he said, would affect the earth's biological systems.
For most biological systems, the Q value is 2 to 3.
Within complex biological systems, it is common for many potential factors to be important.
However, this sort of process isn't really relevant for biological systems.
The biological systems are themselves still not completely known at this scale.
It has many applications in physical, biological and social systems.
Thus, biological systems need to be equipped with the ability to learn.
"Some of this hardly looks like biological systems at all," he said.
No biological system would ever give a messenger that kind of control.
They may build up in biological systems and become a significant health hazard.