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Thus, the turbo-compressor is powered by waste heat collected by the helium loop.
At higher power levels, the over-running clutch is disengaged, and the turbo-compressor operates as a true turbocharger.
The air breathing mode combines a turbo-compressor with a lightweight air precooler positioned just behind the inlet cone.
Apart from its method of propulsion the Djinn was a conventional helicopter with a two-seat side-by-side cabin and a Turbomeca Palouste turbo-compressor behind.
Unusually for jet engines, the turbo-compressor is powered by a gas turbine running on a helium loop, rather than off combustion gases as in a conventional jet engine.
The high "flat" torque at low engine speeds is improved by a variable geometry turbo-compressor: the Multi Turbo System - MTS.
The turbocharger (a combination turbo-compressor system) follows EMD's traditional design that uses a gear train and clutch to drive the compressor rotor during low engine speeds, when exhaust heat energy alone is not sufficient.
After combustion has been achieved, and after the exhaust gases have reached sufficient heat energy, the overrunning clutch is disengaged, and the turbo-compressor is thereafter driven exclusively by the exhaust gases.
The losses from carrying the added weight of systems shut down during the closed cycle mode (namely the precooler and turbo-compressor) as well as the added weight of Skylon's wings would appear to be heavy, yet the gains in overall efficiency more than make up for this.
In large engines, particularly in railroad, marine or stationary services, the turbo is a combination turbo-compressor, with the compressor being driven by the crankshaft through an overrunning clutch during starting and at low rpms, and by the turbine with the clutch being disconnected when the exhaust gasses have reached sufficient temperature.