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This is an example of the use of top-down information.
Top-down information fills in details about the recognized objects, and also about their expected behaviour as time progresses.
This evidence suggests that top-down information processing about feature classification affected processing at the visual perception stage.
A larger, more general system would need considerably longer stretches of the utterance, and/or considerably more complex top-down information.
Like HWIM, Hearsay-II would have to rely on top-down information to recover the correct interpretation.
Again, some psycholinguists maintained that top-down constraint merely facilitated recognition, while others argued that top-down information had to produce hypotheses to compensate for inaccurate acoustic information.
In my opinion, one of the major mistakes of the past, in our information policy, was the fact that this was often top-down information identified, wrongly, I must say, as propaganda.
He also argues that television is not an effective way of providing education, as it provides only top-down information transfer, rather than the interaction that he believes is necessary to maximize learning.
L2 and L3 compare bottom up and top-down information, and generate either the invariant 'names' when sufficient match is achieved, or the more variable signals that occur when this fails.
The assumption was that later information would allow some of these paths to be eliminated; the graph would 'narrow' because hypotheses at some point were acoustically clearer and/or limited by top-down information.
As the system detects mismatches between initial bottom-up sensory information and the top-down information about the expected sound representation of words generated by context, inappropriate candidates within the initial cohort are de-activated.